Environmental and Health Impacts of Successive Mineral Fertilization in Egypt     

Ahmed A. Abdelhafez  Hassan H. Abbas  Rafat S. Abd‐El‐Aal  Nabil F. Kandil  Jianhua Li  Wahballah Mahmoud 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2012,40(4):356-363

Excessive amounts of mineral fertilizers are unnecessarily applied to agricultural soils in Egypt to increase crop yield. The current study aims at assessing the impacts of fertilization with different mineral fertilizers for different cultivation periods on the accumulation of heavy metals in soils and plants grown thereon. In addition, human risks resulted due to the exposure to these metal ions through ingestion, and dermal routes were evaluated. Soil and plant samples were collected from several locations in El‐Behira Governorate, Egypt and their heavy metal contents were measured. The result indicated that there is a continuous accumulation of heavy metals in the soils and the plants grown thereon. Calculation of the hazard index (HI) revealed that humans, especially children, have a potential health risk for both Pb and Cd, which have levels greater than the safe level (1). Finally, the obtained results showed that the continuous application of mineral fertilizers containing high levels of heavy metals pose a potential health threat.  相似文献   

Analysis of long-term fluctuations in stream flow time series: An application to Litani River, Lebanon     

Amin Shaban  Luciano Telesca  Talal Darwich  Nabil Amacha 《Acta Geophysica》2014,62(1):164-179

Litani River is the largest river in Lebanon and has been affected by several physical and anthropogenic factors that influenced its flow dynamics. By means of the Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA), the time dynamics of the stream flow of seven sites along the course of Litani River was investigated, extracting for each site the long-term trend. A clear decreasing trend characterizes all the long-term trends of the stream flow. Furthermore, several peaks were identified, consistent with the rainfall rate and snow cover variability.  相似文献   

Quantifying the role of sandy–silty sediments in generating slope failures during earthquakes: example from the Algerian margin     

Gabriela Dan  Nabil Sultan  Bruno Savoye  Jacques Deverchere  Karim Yelles 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2009,98(4):769-789

The Algerian margin is a seismically active region, where during the last century, several large magnitude earthquakes took place. This study combines geotechnical and sedimentological data with numerical modelling to quantitatively assess the present-day slope stability of the Algerian margin. Geotechnical laboratory tests, such as cyclic triaxial tests, oedometric tests and vane shear tests were carried out on sediment cores collected on the study area. The liquefaction potential of a sediment column located about 30 km from the Boumerdès earthquake epicentre of 21st May 2003 was evaluated theoretically for an earthquake of M _w  = 6.8. We show that thin sand and silt beds such as those described on recovered sediment cores are the main cause of sediment deformation and liquefaction during earthquakes. Numerical calculations showed that the slope failure may occur during an earthquake characterised by a PGA in excess of 0.1g, and also that, under a PGA of 0.2g liquefaction could be triggered in shallow silty–sandy deposits. Moreover, comparison of the predicted slope failure with failure geometries inferred from seafloor morphology showed that earthquakes and subsequent mass movements could explain the present-day morphology of the study area.  相似文献   

Geochemical assessment,mixing behavior and environmental impact of thermal waters in the Guelma geothermal system,Algeria     

Bouaicha  Foued  Dib  Hénia  Bouteraa  Oualid  Manchar  Nabil  Boufaa  Kamel  Chabour  Nabil  Demdoum  Abdeslam 《中国地球化学学报》2019,38(5):683-702

A study of thirteen geothermal springs located in the geothermal field of Guelma, northeastern Algeria, was conducted. Samples were collected during the period between January 2014 and February 2016. Geochemical processes responsible for the chemical composition of thermal and mineralized water were evaluated. The hydrochemical analysis shows that the thermal waters are characterized by the presence of two different chemical facies, the first type SO₄–Ca in the east, west and south of Guelma, the second type HCO₃–Ca in the south. This analysis also attributed to sodium, chlorides, and sulfates to an evaporitic terrigenous origin by the molar ratio Sr²⁺/Ca²⁺. The thermal spring waters from Guelma geothermal system have a meteoric origin, and all samples are immature with strong mixing between hot and shallow waters with 19–38.5% rate of mixing. The silica geothermometer shows that these thermal waters have a temperature varying from 84 to 122 °C and that the water came from a depth of 2100–3000 m through a fault system that limits the pull-apart basin of Guelma. Potential environmental effluent from thermal spas could pollute in both the irrigation and drinking waters, and which imposes danger on the health of the inhabitants of the region.

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Bed load formulae for alluvial channels     

Nabil A. Zaghloul 《Advances in water resources》1983,6(2):112-120

An experimental investigation was made to study the deposition and scour phenomena for various water and sediment discharges, water depths, and sediment sizes.An analysis of the bed load formulae proposed by Kalinske, Einstein, DuBoys and Shields is presented. The energy slope values for sedimentation and starvation cases as obtained by the methods of Simon and Richardson, Liu-Hwang, and Einstein and Barbarossa are computed.A procedure, based on a combination of the bed load formulae and the resistance equations, is suggested for use in practical applications.  相似文献   

Apports des phyllosilicates dans la différenciation entre altération hypogène et altération supergène dans le basalte triasique du Moyen Atlas (Maroc)Contribution of phyllosilicates to distinguish between hypogene alteration and weathering in Triassic basalt from Middle Atlas (Morocco)     

Abdelilah Dekayir  Michel Danot  Nabil Allali 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):877-884

Triassic basalt of the Middle Atlas has been subject to metamorphic transformation then weathering. Occurrence in both metabasalt and saprolite of ubiquitous clay minerals, such as smectite and mixed layers chlorite–smectite, makes it difficult to distinguish between the two alteration facies and explains the interest of complementary sources of information. In the Bhallil weathering profile, petrographical and mineralogical analyses of primary igneous minerals and their alteration products coupled with Fe oxidation state determination in clay fractions allow to identify three alteration facies: (i) metamorphic basalt, where iron occurs mainly as the ferrous form; (ii) the lower part of saprolite, where iron is partially oxidized to its ferric form; (iii) the upper part of saprolite, where iron is completely oxidized. To cite this article: A. Dekayir et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 877–884.  相似文献   

An assessment study of heavy metal distribution within soil in upper course of Zarqa River basin/Jordan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Nabil Abderahman  Y. H. Abu-Rukah 《Environmental Geology》2006,49(8):1116-1124

Levels of heavy metals are found in soils and waters of the major tributary valleys of the Jordan Valley. Heavy metal content in soils irrigated by treated waste water were measured for a 40 km reach of Zarqa River. Soil samples from eight different sites along the upper course of this river were analyzed to determine the concentration of selected heavy metals (CO, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn). Silt forms the major component of the soils with an average of 54%. Clay fractions show an increase with depth from 17 to 41%. Trends in particle size distribution and metal contents were compared across sample sites. Samples contained moderate to considerable levels of Pb and Ni. Concentrations of Cu and Cr ranged between 33–59 and 65–90 ppm, respectively. These values represent a slight to moderate class of pollution. The concentration of Cr shows a decrease with depth and distance from the waste water plant. Cu, Zn, and Ni show increasing concentrations with depth but Pb and CO do not. The concentrations of the measured heavy metals increases near the waste water treatment plant but decreases with distance from the plant due to precipitation in the stream bed and dilution with stream water. This decline in metal content with distance from the treatment plant suggests that most metals reaching floodplain soils may derive from the same source. Although current metal concentrations are low to moderate, floodplain surface soils in this area should be regarded as a potential source for future heavy metal pollution downstream.  相似文献   

Joint inversion of gravity and geoelectrical data for groundwater and structural investigation: application to the northwestern part of Sinai, Egypt   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

F. A. Monteiro Santos  S. A. Sultan  Patrícia Represas  A. L. El Sorady 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,165(3):705-718

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Sensitivity studies and stochastic optimization of CO2 foam flooding     

Najmudeen Sibaweihi  Abeeb A. Awotunde  Abdulla S. Sultan  Hasan Y. Al-Yousef 《Computational Geosciences》2015,19(1):31-47

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Redefining homogeneous climate regions in Bangladesh using multivariate clustering approaches     

Mahmud  Sultan  Sumana  Ferdausi Mahojabin  Mohsin  Md  Khan  Md. Hasinur Rahaman 《Natural Hazards》2022,111(2):1863-1884

Natural Hazards - The knowledge of the climate pattern for a particular region is important for taking appropriate actions to alleviate the impact of climate change. It is also equally important...  相似文献